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Several medications are approved by the FDA to alleviate alcohol cravings, but are prescription only. A few supplements are also available over-the-counter (OTC).
Individuals who are dependent on alcohol often suffer fromnegative side effectssuch as physical dependence, anxiety, depression, confusion, organ damage, strained relationships and difficulty meeting major responsibilities.Making the decision to quit drinkingcan help alleviate these symptoms by improving mood and lessening the physical side effects.
Abstaining from alcohol can be a difficult decision as it requires significant lifestyle changes. This process can be made even more difficult bysymptoms of withdrawaland alcohol cravings. Fortunately, there are several medications that can aid in alleviating alcohol cravings. Several of these medications are approved by the FDA and are available by prescription only. A few supplements are also available over-the-counter (OTC), described as agents thatcan help curb alcohol cravings.
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Article at a Glance:
- Due to potentially life-threatening side effects, alcohol withdrawal should typically be supervised by a medical professional.
- Hydration and supplementation with B vitamins can be helpful if a person chooses to withdrawal at home.
- Kudzu, L-gluatmine and milk thistle may help curb alcohol cravings and detoxify the liver.
- Prescription medications to help someone stop drinking are Topiramate, Naltrexone, Acamprosate and Antabuse.
- Never take a new medication for alcohol dependence without consulting a doctor first.
Can Antabuse for Alcohol Dependence Be Bought OTC?
Antabuse is not available OTC and requires a prescription from a doctor. People should consult with their doctor to determine if it is the rightdrug for their alcohol dependence. Never take a new medication or adjust existing prescriptions without the approval of a doctor who is aware of previous health issues and current prescriptions.
[elementor-template id="4848"]What Medications Help People Quit Drinking?
Medications used to help people quit drinking are generally prescription-only and include:
Topiramate:
- Topiramateis a prescription medication generally used foralcoholic seizure treatment. While this drug is not yet FDA-approved to treatalcohol addictionand cravings, increasing amounts of evidence show that topiramate can be used to treat alcohol cravings if used as your doctor prescribes.
- Alcohol mimics the activity of the neurotransmittergamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)in the brain. GABA inhibits impulses that are fired in the brain to generate a relaxed or tired feeling. Topiramate works to inhibit the activity of GABA. It also suppresses the alcohol-induced release ofdopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with feelings of reward and pleasure.
Naltrexone:
- Naltrexonewas originally designed to treat opioid addiction. However, it is now FDA-approved for the treatment of alcohol dependence and cravings. Naltrexone works on variousopioid receptorsin the brain to reduce the “reward” feeling that is created by alcohol consumption. Individuals taking naltrexone can still drink and become intoxicated, but they will not experience the pleasure and reward that alcohol provides, thus disincentivizing the consumption of alcohol.
Acamprosate:
- Acamprosateworks in a similar way to topiramate. Acamprosate interacts with GABA signaling to restore the proper chemical balance in the brain following chronic alcohol exposure. This process leads to the reduction of alcohol craving and alcohol consumption in individuals dependent on alcohol.
Antabuse (disulfiram):
- Unlike other drugs for alcohol dependence,Antabusedoes not address the symptoms of alcohol cravings in the brain. It acts as a physical deterrent from alcohol consumption. Antabuse changes the way the body processes alcohol to create very uncomfortable and unpleasant side effects following alcohol consumption. More specifically, Antabuse causes the build-up of acetaldehyde when alcohol is ingested. It’s a toxic chemical responsible for common hangover symptoms. This build-up leads to sudden and severe effects such as nausea, excessive vomiting, hyperventilation, headaches, chest pain, sweating and vertigo.
Importantly, individuals looking to discontinue alcohol use should consider seeking help from health care providers and counseling services, who have access to better, prescription medications for alcoholism treatment. These services can also assist in the process of alcohol detox and help with the development of coping skills to prevent setbacks. Additionally, depending on the severity of alcohol dependence, withdrawal from alcohol can have life-threatening side effects and should be completed under the supervision of medical staff in an alcohol rehab treatment facility.